... .
:
:
, = 1.67252 10 -27 1.00727663 ( . . ) (P) , = 1.67482 10 -27 1.0086654 (..) (n) , 26 56 26 30 ( = ) , 5626 Fe ,
:
( ) (α) .
( )(- β )
( ) (+ β )
( )
(γ)
.
:
: α ( 42He++ )
α , ( 7000 ) .
() 0.5 . .
( 42He++ )
, .
. 238 .
:
: (α)
: (-β) 0-1e
(-β) ( ) . (100 ) 5 . (-β) ( (-β) ) ( ) (-β) , 234 :
23490TH 0-1e + 23491Pa
(23491Pa)
23491Pa 0-1e +23492U
: (+β) 0-1e
(+β) (+β) () . , (-β) (+β) (-β) (+β) . (+β) ( ) , (+β) , (+β) , ( 147N ) :
147N 46C +01e
.
: (α) (β)
: ( )
() , , ( ) .
, ( K) 4019
4019 K + 0-1 e 4018Ar + (x)
: (γ)
(γ) ( ) , , , 10 .
, (γ) :
9943 Te 9943 Te + γ
(Te ) .
_________________________________________________
_________________
:
, , , , ( ) ( = ) , . . (1932) .
(α) , , ( ) , .
( ) , .
, () ( ) .
_________________________________________________
:
( ) :
. () () , .
: α
=
: - r /r =
" "
:
: (9 .
r /r () ,
, ( / ) ()
1 = 3.7 10 10 /
( ) () , :
= 0
= 0
, () .
0 , 0 .
() .
_________________________________________________
( ) :
: .
( ) :
= 0 -
: = =
,
= e 2/ =
e 2 = 0.693
: ,
:
1
( ) 1 9038Sr 28 .
:
= = 7.84 10 -10 -1
=
= 6.025 10 23 = 6.69 10 21 ()
: =
= 7.84 10 -10 6.69 10 21 = 5.2 10 12 /
= 141.8
2 :
(8326Bi) 0.25 . :
.
.
.
:
1- 0.25 = )
0.25 = - 10
1.386 = -10
= 0.1386 -1
2- = 0 1
= 1 0.1386 = 0.87
3- 2/ = = = 5
_________________________________________________
:
, . 21H
, 31H . 168O , 178O , 188O () :
= + +.../ + + ....
, 35.5 . .
_________________________________________________
( )
: ( )
, . , ( ) 10 -15 , , .
:
1- ≤ 10 -15 .
2- > 10 -15 .
10 -15 , .
( )
. , ( 21H ) 2.014102 . .
, = 2.016 . .
( 21H ) 0.0019 .. ( )
:
, .
:
= 2 , .
:
= 1 1.6604 10-27 (310 8)2 = 1.494 10 -10
=[1 1.6604 10-27 (310 8)2] 1.6 10 -19=93110 6
= 931(..)[1 ..= 1.6604 10 -27 = 931 .. ]
[ (..] : 1 (..) 931 ( .. )
(21H)
( , ) () , :
= ( ) 931
:
= ( )+( )
.
1:
23892U 238.131 (..) 1.0073 .. 1.0087 ..
:
: 92
: 238 92 = 146
= ( ) 931
= [(921.0073+1461.0087) 238.131) 931
= 1.8108 931 = 1685.8548 . .
2 :
() 168O , 16 (..)
:
= 8 , = 8
: =( ) 931
=[( 81.0073 + 81.0087) 16 ] 931 = 119.168 ..
= =
= 119.168 16 = 7.448 ..
_________________________________________________
, , , , . :
: .
: .
: .
( ) : .
( ) :
_________________________________________________
:
, . () 1406 .
23592 U .
() , (12-3) , , , , , , .
, .
:
, () , .
:
, , , .
:
, :
( ) :
, . , .
, .
, 10 10 , , , .
, H () :
21H + 21H 42H
_________________________________________________
:
, , :
= [ ] 931
:
:
H = 2.0141 . .
H = 4.0026 . .
:
:
= [ 2 2.0141 4.0026 ] 931= 23.8 . .
_________________________________________________
:
(12-5)
:
.
( ) .
.
.
(12-5) .
_________________________________________________
:
, , .
:
( ) , , ( ) .
, ( ) _
() . .
_________________________________________________
:
:
:
, . , , 131 .
, .
:
, 131 14 (Metabolism) , :
, , , , , .
_________________________________________________
:
(X ) , :
1- .
2- .
3- .
4- .
5- .
() 20 8 . 80 . (0.5)
() 80 5 60 . (15)
1 , 100 , , (100 200- 300)
(H ) 25 12.5 (0.25)
(U ) (Pb ) , . (8-6)
(226) 1600 . (3.7 10 10 )
Po Pb + α
_________________________________________________
_________________
__________
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