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Geo ֡ ǻ Logos . ɡ : Crystallography Mineralogy Petrology Geochemistry. ɡ : Structural geology (***) Geotectonics. ɡ : Paleontology () Stratigraphy Paleoecology Paleogeography Historical geology. ֡ Geomorphology Surveying Physical geology.
ɡ ɡ ɡ ɡ Petroleum geology Hydrogeology Mining geology Engineering geology Seismology Volcanology Oceanography Marine geology Climatology Pedology Cosmic geology Planetology Astronomy Space geology Remote sensing Environmental geology Forensic geology Medical geology
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Nicolaus Steno (1638 1686 ) ǡ .
Giovanni Arduino (1714 1795 ) ڡ Primary Era Secondary Era Tertiary Era Quaternary Era. .
ǡ Johann Gottlob Lehmann (1719 1767) Peter Simon Pallas (1741 1811) ɡ George Christian Fuchsel (1722 1776) . Abraham Gottlob Werner (1750 1817) . Neptunists ޡ . James Hutton (1726 1797) ɡ Uniformitarianism .
Baron Georges Cuvier (1769 1832) ɡ Chevalier Jean Baptiste De Lamarck (1744 1829 ) .
William Smith (1769 1839 ) ʡ . 1822 1879 Geologic Column.
(1891 1949 ) . .
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